What exactly is the difference between a surge protector and a fuse? Can a fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of surge protector?

I post the exact comment here.

These devices are installed between the “hot” and “neutral” and protective ground.

And this is the problem alone. Is the power supply in the equipmemt designed with a lightning strike in mind? Some yes, others, no.

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This is a high voltage low current spike that comes down the line because of the power poles being struck, and the voltage suppressors activating on the primary side of the transformer.

There are two important concepts here.

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This is 'the assistant's answer'

So, the voltage could go up to 500 volts, and the fuse will not open up.

the problem then depends on "how fast does the fuse operate?".

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OK, this is Mohan Rajaratnam’s definition of a Surge suppressor.

For this case there are devices called Metal oxide varistors (MOV).

This is the picture of an electronic coil of wire wound around a core of magnetic material.

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An AC voltage/ current source, and an ac inductive load.

Because the load is inductive, the current lags the voltage.(by a bit).

[image of Common-mode choke]

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So, it’s possible that these devices from Trip Lite have addition suppression devices, these ones seem to be sturdy.

(There is no concept of polarity, in the loop because the current changes direction 100 to 120 times a second (power frequency).

“ … to protect building, lightning arrestor, is provided above building and directly connected to earth.”

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[old diagram got deleted by accident]

At the secondary, it is 1000 times less.)turns ratio). If it gets hit with a 100,000 volt bolt of lightning then the voltage arrestors conduct and clamp the voltage down to line voltage, ( but a small amount leaks down the line). This is the problem.

2024–10–14 [Omar Gharbi Omar Gharbi ]

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This is where this question deviates from being a 'generic' question, and becomes more specific.

The bolt then partially travels down the line to your home.

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what exactly is a ‘surge’ protector?

So combined with a device called a MOV or Metal-oxide-resistor, then forms the 3rd part of a “surge suppressor “.

Here is a simplified AC power diagram.

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The MOV will conduct when the voltage exceeds 50% of line voltage.

so, the loop of wire then, when put together with another loop reduces the ‘noise’ on a power line.

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This is an electronic circuit designed to clamp voltages so that the Voltage Potential that appears at the outlet is never going to exceed the nominal value.

Edit 2024–10.

One is “what exactly is in a ‘surge protector’ ? ”

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This one hit behind the barn.

But it can get overloaded, and no longer works.

(Dc diagram shown, AC is similar).

First Sentence:

But… the neutral is now “floating” because of the 1 ohm resistance.

“ A surge suppressor is the one which is connected at the input supply so that when there is a sudden change voltage it bypasses thereby protecting the (circuit) and electronic components”

Can the fuse protect the electronic devices from lightning instead of a surge protector.

It’s been three xxx five werks, and there has been no response to my follow on query on his Commment to my answer.

Mohan forgets that a fuse is a one-time device, and needs to be replaced if it is tripped.

These are simplified answers to the original question, and does not change anything I wrote above.

This is where the MOV conducts again, and dissipated the energy.

“ A fuse is a device which protects the (circuit) against overload and short circuit.”

What is lightning?

Fuses, on their own, then operate much slower than the MOV variable resistance, during the lightning strike.

The other is “what does a “fuse” do?”

Lightning arrestor is a spark-gap device, and can be installed anywhere. What is important, is that the wire is thick enough to withstand the lightning bolt and conduct the energy away from the building.

but I think this circuit , shows a few more pieces.

A circuit breaker is similar, but is resettable.

This is a photo where a lightning bolt took out a home's complete mains distribution box, and a lot of electronic gear as well.

Is the question then , "why buy a surge supressor, if the fuse alone protects the electronic circuits from a lightning bolt?".

P = e* I, so since I is 16 amps, then the voltage dropped is 1/16 volt or 0.0650 volts.

But during the surge, the fuse will not blow if it is a longer duration and lower value )10 to 50%).

It seems Mohan does not understand the difference between a comment and an Answer.

Would individual surge supressors have save this equipment? most likely, since the surge supressor would take the jolt instead of the electronic components.

2024–10–11 [Victor Olarewsju Victor Olarewaju ]

What does a fuse do?

a photo is worth a thousand words.

A fuse is a non-resetable over current circuit protector.

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At one ohm, the resistor has a maximum of 1 watt power.

He then asserts :

This device then solves the entire problem.

He then describes Rainy Season and Lightning.

At least they know the answer if they wanted it.

The third is lightning and “how it gets conducted into a home.”

so, what happens?

There are three different concepts here that are getting confused.

In schematic diagrams this is the symbol for a fuse:

When the current is 200% of the rated value , it will “go open” (the link metal melts) and protect the device.

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but this device (an Inductor) … impedes the rapid changes in the current.

Now when you have a certain ac resistance, then a current flows in a loop.

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He then describes the function of a fuse.

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2024–10–10[John johnson John Johnson ]

If the nominal power is 4,000 watts then the current at 230volts is 16 amps.

Once the voltage goes over 0.0650 volts, then this fact can be used to amplify the difference, and turn the circuit breaker off , furthur down the line. Essentially that is what a RCD/GFCI does, it compares the incoming current, to the outgoing current, and if the difference between the two currents is over 5mA, then it trips the circuit breaker.

It also is a device that limits the change in current flow.

There is no harm in having the surge suppressor along with the fuse in the circuit. The fuse will not open up until the current melts the link. This will take time, and in the interim, that jolt will get transmitted into the power supplies.

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